Geography of Greece
What best describes Greece’s geography?
Mountainous and divided into isolated regions.
What is a polis?
A Greek city-state that was the main political unit.
Who founded the Persian Empire?
Cyrus the Great.
What was Sparta’s main focus as a city-state?
Military training and discipline.
The Battle of Marathon is famous because why?
The outnumbered Athenians defeated the Persians.
The Minoans were known for what achievements?
Trade, art, and the palace at Knossos.
What was the agora used for?
A central marketplace and meeting area in the polis.
What was the Royal Road used for?
Trade and communication across the Persian Empire.
Who were the helots in Sparta?
Enslaved people who worked the land.
Who led the 300 Spartans at Thermopylae?
King Leonidas.
Why did the Minoan civilization end?
Natural disasters and invasions, possibly by the Mycenaeans.
What does the word “tyrant” mean in ancient Greece?
A leader who takes power by force.
What were satrapies?
Provinces ruled by governors called satraps.
How was Sparta’s government different from Athens’?
Sparta had a military oligarchy, while Athens developed democracy.
What was the Delian League?
An alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens.
What were Mycenaean kingdoms centered around?
Palace-fortresses that controlled trade and government.
What type of government did Athens develop?
Democracy.
What did Zoroastrianism teach people to do?
Choose between good and evil.
What type of government did Athens have during its Golden Age?
Direct democracy.
What weakened Athens during the Peloponnesian War?
A plague that killed thousands, including Pericles.
What happened to Greece during the “Dark Age”?
Writing was lost and trade slowed down.
Who was called the “Father of Democracy”?
Cleisthenes.
What was the result of the Persian Wars?
Greece won and remained independent.
Who was Pericles?
An Athenian leader who promoted democracy and culture.
Why did Athens finally lose the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta received help from Persia and outlasted Athens.