Key Concepts
What is Inclusion?
This term refers to the full participation and acceptance of all groups, including disabled individuals.
What is differential treatment?
This concept refers to the idea that achieving equality may require treating people differently.
What is 1997?
This year marked the inclusion of high-performance wheelchair users into Athletics Canada.
What does IOC stand for?
International Olympic Committee
What is the Policy on Sport for Persons with a Disability?
This Canadian policy from 2006 aimed to promote inclusion in sport.
What is assimilation?
When a person with a disability must adapt to the mainstream without changes from others.
What is community integration?
This is the term to describe achieving meaningful roles and relationships in one’s community.
What is the Paralympic Program Manager?
This position was created in 1999 to support Paralympic athletes within Athletics Canada.
What is 1989?
The year IOC was established.
What is the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
This piece of Canadian legislation prohibits discrimination based on disability.
What is true integration?
Where both disabled and non-disabled groups adapt and create a shared culture.
What is elite or high-performance sport?
Elite or high-performance sport refers to the highest level of athletic competition.
What is true inclusion?
The integration of Para-Athletics was meant to bring this kind of equality to sport.
What is classification?
This process ensures fair competition by grouping athletes by impairment.
Who is Dr. Robert Steadward?
This Canadian was the first president of the International Paralympic Committee.
What is segregation?
The process of separating groups and offering different services, without any blending or interaction.
What is Cultural Capital?
This kind of capital, often lacking in athletes from smaller classifications, helps some athletes gain attention.
Who is Chantal Petitclerc?
This star athlete is a Canadian wheelchair racer and a Senator from Quebec who refused to share an “Athlete of the Year” award in 2004.
What is participation?
The early Paralympic Games were mostly focused on this rather than elite performance
What is the Canadian Sport Policy?
This policy, updated in 2012, aims to guide Canada's future in sport, including inclusion goals.
What is social interaction between people with disabilities and society?
According to van de Ven et al. (2005), integration is achieved through this kind of interaction.
What is Cultural Artifact?
This sociological concept suggests that all policy reflects the culture in which it’s created.
What is the Community Active (2008) Review?
This report criticized Athletics Canada’s poor performance and organization before the 2008 Games.
What is cultural tension or perceived difference in training commitment?
This issue arises between athletes with congenital vs. acquired disabilities.
What is the Athlete Assistance Program (AAP)?
This program offers financial support to high-performance athletes.