Cellular Definitions
Unicellular Definition
Composed of one cell
The unique characteristics of prokaryotic cells (At least 2)
No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles
Unicellular
Divide by binary fission
The function of a cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is the “jelly” that holds everything in place/dissolves solutes for easy use
The function of centrioles (centrosome)
Centrioles (centrosome) help divide chromosomes
The function of a cell wall
The cell wall protects and maintains the shape of plant cells. It is made of micro fibers and microtubules
Multicellular
Composed of many cells
Extra points-That may organize into tissues 🡪 organs 🡪 organ systems
The unique characteristics of eukaryotic cells (At least 2)
Has a nucleus
Has membrane-bound organelles
Can be unicellular or multicellular
Divide by mitosis
The function of ribosomes
Ribosomes make proteins
The function of lysosomes
The lysosome breaks down dead materials and does programmed cell death
The function of a vacuole
The vacuole acts as storage
Organelle
Specialized structure within the cell that works with other organelles to help the cell function
How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells the same (At least 2)
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Genetic Material
The function of a cell (plasma) membrane
The cell (plasma) membrane controls what goes in and out of the cell
The function of a cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton gives the cell shape and structural support for animal cells; also plays a role in movement
The function of a vesicle
Vesicles transport proteins around the cell
The three principles of cell theory
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the most basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from other cells.
Structures unique to plant cells (At least 2)
Cell walls
Central vacuoles
Chloroplasts
The functions of the nucleus and nucleolus
The nucleus protects the DNA; directs cell functions
The nucleolus makes rRNA to generate ribosomes
The functions of rough ER and smooth ER
Rough ER folds proteins that are made by attached ribosomes and then sends them to the Golgi Apparatus
Smooth ER makes lipids and detoxifies substances
The functions of cilia and flagella
Cilia move fluid/particles across the cell’s surface; can also move unicellular organisms
The flagella move the entire cell. Each cell will have 1, 2 or 3 flagella
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Structures unique to animal cells (At least 2)
Centrioles
Lysosomes
Cilia
Flagella
The function of a mitochondria
The mitochondria is where cellular respiration occurs to generate ATP for the Cell
The function of a chloroplast
The chloroplast is where photosynthesis occurs
The function of the golgi apparatus
The golgi apparatus processes, sorts, and ships proteins where needed