DNA DISCOVERIES
Who discovered that DNA is shaped like a double helix?
James Watson and Francis Crick
What shape is the DNA molecule?
A double helix
What are long strands of DNA called?
Chromosomes
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
What is the cell cycle?
The process cells go through to grow and divide
What scientist took X-ray photos that helped show DNA’s shape?
Rosalind Franklin
What are the building blocks of DNA called?
Nucleotides
How many chromosomes do most human cells have?
46
How is RNA different from DNA?
RNA has one strand; DNA has two
How are proteins released into the blood?
Through transport vesicles from the Golgi apparatus
Who first built an accurate model of DNA?
Watson and Crick
Name the four bases found in DNA.
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
How are chromosomes and DNA related?
Chromosomes are made of DNA
What base replaces thymine in RNA?
Uracil
What are hormones?
Chemical messengers that regulate body activities
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What base always pairs with adenine?
Thymine
What happens before a cell divides?
DNA is copied or duplicated
What is the process of making proteins called?
Protein synthesis
How do cells help the body respond to change?
By sending and receiving signals
In what year was the structure of DNA discovered?
1953
How does DNA store genetic information?
In the order of its nitrogen bases
What is the process of DNA copying itself called?
DNA replication
What are the two main steps of protein synthesis?
Transcription and translation
What is the immune response?
The body’s defense against disease-causing organisms